「China’s contestation of the liberal international
order」
●저자 : 김성한(제1저자)
●학술지명 : PACIFIC REVIEW
●게재년월 : 2022년 4월
●링크: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09512748.2022.2063367
[초록]
The
concept of ‘revisionism’ has caught the attention of international relations
scholars amid intensifying rivalry between the United States and China. It is a
trademark of rising powers, and China was likewise expected to become a
revisionist power, intent on changing the status quo. However, history tells us
that not all rising powers necessarily become revolutionary states, seeking to
overturn the prevailing order and replace it with another through hegemonic
wars. This paper presents a novel understanding of revisionism by
distinguishing between strategic ‘contestation’ and ‘challenge’. In the context
of declining unipolarity, a dissatisfied rising power will contest the rules
and principles of issue-specific regimes and demand legitimate adjustments that
better reflect the new distribution of power. A challenge emerges when demands
are rejected, and a contestation leads to ‘deconcentration’ and
‘delegitimation’ of the established order. The establishment of the AIIB can be
examined as an example of contested multilateralism that falls short of a
challenge. This paper concludes that China is ‘contesting’, not ‘challenging’
the liberal international order and suggests a set of countermeasures that the
U.S. can think of: selective accommodation, reinforcement of alliances and
partnerships, and overcoming domestic challenges such as populism that
undermine the liberal values, constitutive of the liberal international order.